Discover Simena Castle
Perched high above the picturesque fishing village of Kaleköy, Simena Castle is one of the most spectacular historical landmarks on Turkey’s Mediterranean coast. Overlooking the crystal-clear waters of the Kekova region, the castle commands breathtaking panoramic views of secluded bays, tiny islands, hidden coves, and colorful yachts gliding across the turquoise sea.
Located near Demre and Üçağız, the ancient Lycian settlement of Simena is a unique destination where history, archaeology, and natural beauty blend seamlessly. Visitors can explore medieval fortifications, ancient Lycian tombs, submerged ruins, and a traditional village that has preserved its peaceful atmosphere for centuries.
An Ancient Lycian Settlement
The origins of Simena remain partly shrouded in mystery. Although little is known about its earliest history, archaeologists believe the settlement was founded during the Lycian period, several centuries before the Roman Empire.
During Roman rule, Simena belonged to a regional federation led by the nearby ancient city of Aperlae, together with Apollonia and Isinda. Thanks to its sheltered harbor and strategic coastal location, the town became an important maritime community along the Lycian coastline.
Today, the remains of ancient houses, harbor structures, and defensive walls reveal the long history of this remarkable settlement.
The Medieval Castle
Dominating the village is the impressive Simena Castle, constructed mainly during the Byzantine and medieval periods on the foundations of earlier Lycian fortifications.
Visitors climbing to the summit are rewarded with magnificent views over:
- Kekova Island
- The Sunken City
- Kaleköy Harbor
- Üçağız Bay
- Countless small islands and rocky inlets
- The turquoise Mediterranean coastline
The castle’s stone walls, towers, and defensive structures remain remarkably well preserved, making it one of the highlights of the Lycian coast.
Lycia’s Smallest Ancient Theatre
Inside the castle lies one of Turkey’s most unusual archaeological treasures—Lycia’s smallest known ancient theater.
Carved directly into the living rock, this intimate theater features only seven rows of seats and accommodated approximately 250 to 300 spectators. Despite its modest size, it reflects the importance of civic life and public performances in even the smallest Lycian communities.
Its elevated position within the fortress provides spectacular views over the surrounding coastline.
The Ancient Village
Many of Simena’s ancient stone buildings continue to serve as part of the modern village. Narrow cobbled streets wind between traditional houses, many of which incorporate ancient foundations and masonry into their construction.
Kaleköy remains largely untouched by modern development, as the village is accessible primarily by boat or on foot, helping preserve its historic character and tranquil atmosphere.
Visitors can enjoy:
- Traditional stone houses
- Waterfront cafés
- Handmade local crafts
- Small family-run restaurants
- Fresh seafood
- Homemade ice cream
- Scenic harbor views
Roman Bath and Ancient Inscriptions
Among the most significant ruins is a Roman bath located beside the shoreline. Built using distinctive polygonal masonry, the bath is notable for inscriptions stating that it was dedicated to the Roman Emperor Titus (reigned AD 79–81) by the people of Simena and the regional federation headed by Aperlae.
These inscriptions provide valuable evidence of the political and civic organization of the Lycian coastal cities during the Roman period.
The Sunken City of Kekova
One of the region’s greatest attractions is the nearby Sunken City of Kekova, where earthquakes in antiquity caused parts of the ancient settlement to sink beneath the sea.
Visible beneath the remarkably clear waters are:
- Ancient harbor walls
- Building foundations
- Staircases
- Stone quays
- Ruined houses
- Sarcophagi partially submerged beneath the surface
Because of its archaeological importance, swimming is prohibited directly over the submerged ruins. However, visitors can admire them from sightseeing boats, sea kayaks, or glass-bottom boats, which provide exceptional views of this underwater archaeological site.
Together, Simena and Kekova form one of Turkey’s most fascinating open-air archaeological landscapes.
Boat Tours and Outdoor Activities
The Kekova region is famous for its scenic boat excursions departing from Üçağız, Demre, and Kaş.
Popular activities include:
- Boat cruises
- Sea kayaking
- Canoeing
- Swimming in secluded bays
- Snorkeling in designated areas
- Hiking the Lycian Way
- Photography
- Exploring coastal villages
- Sunset cruises
The calm, sheltered waters make the area particularly suitable for leisurely exploration.
Best Time to Visit
- Spring (April–May): Mild weather, blooming wildflowers, and excellent hiking conditions.
- Summer (June–September): Ideal for boat tours, swimming, and enjoying the Mediterranean sunshine.
- Autumn (September–October): Warm sea temperatures with fewer visitors.
- Winter: Quiet, peaceful, and perfect for photography and historical exploration.
Why Visit Simena Castle?
Simena Castle is one of the most enchanting destinations on the Turkish Riviera, combining spectacular coastal scenery with over two millennia of history. Its medieval fortress, tiny rock-cut theater, Lycian tombs, Roman monuments, traditional fishing village, and the nearby Sunken City of Kekova create an unforgettable journey into the ancient world. Whether arriving by boat across the turquoise waters or hiking along the Lycian coast, visitors will discover a place where history and nature exist in perfect harmony.