G Turkiye

Author: Tn

  • Historic Mosques and Sacred Sites in Sanliurfa, Turkey

    sanliurfa _turkiye

    Known as the “City of Prophets,” Sanliurfa is one of Turkey’s most important religious and cultural destinations. Revered by Muslims, Christians, and Jews alike, the city is closely associated with the life of the Prophet Abraham (İbrahim) and is home to numerous historic mosques, shrines, sacred pools, and pilgrimage sites. Its rich spiritual heritage, combined with centuries of architectural development, makes Sanliurfa a fascinating destination for visitors interested in history, religion, and culture.

    Ulu Mosque (Grand Mosque)

    Sanliurfa Ulu Mosque

    The Grand Mosque is the oldest surviving mosque in the city center and one of Sanliurfa’s most significant Islamic monuments.

    The site originally served as a synagogue before being converted into the Church of St. Stephen during the 5th century under Bishop Rabula. Following the Islamic conquest, the church was transformed into a mosque between 1170 and 1175 during the reign of Nureddin Zengi.

    Architecturally, the mosque belongs to the Anatolian multi-supported mosque tradition. Its spacious prayer hall is covered with rows of vaults, while the courtyard is surrounded by elegant arcades. One of its most distinctive features is the octagonal tower, originally a church bell tower, which now serves as the mosque’s minaret.

    Cave of Prophet Abraham and Mevlid-i Halil Mosque

    Mevlid-i Halil Mosque

    Located within the sacred complex surrounding Balıklıgöl, this mosque stands beside the cave traditionally believed to be the birthplace of Prophet Abraham (Hz. İbrahim).

    According to local tradition, King Nimrod (Nemrut) dreamed that a child would be born who would overthrow his rule. Fearing this prophecy, he ordered all newborn boys to be killed. Abraham’s mother secretly gave birth in the cave, where the future prophet spent his early years hidden from danger.

    Today, pilgrims visit the cave to pray and drink from the spring water, which many believe possesses healing properties.

    Balıklıgöl (Pool of Sacred Fish)

    Balıklıgöl

    Perhaps the most famous attraction in Sanliurfa, Balıklıgöl is a sacred pool surrounded by historic mosques, gardens, and centuries-old plane and willow trees.

    According to Islamic tradition, Abraham challenged King Nimrod’s worship of idols. As punishment, he was thrown into a gigantic fire from the hilltop where Şanlıurfa Castle now stands. God commanded:

    “O fire, be coolness and peace for Abraham.”

    The flames turned into water and the burning logs became sacred carp fish. The resulting pool became known as Halil-ur Rahman Lake.

    The neighboring pool, Ayn-i Zeliha, is associated with Zeliha, Nimrod’s daughter, who believed in Abraham and threw herself into the flames after him. The place where she landed is said to have become the second sacred lake.

    Today, the fish are considered holy and are protected; feeding them is a popular tradition among visitors.

    Prophet Job (Eyyüp) and His Shrine

    Prophet Job Cave and Shrine

    Prophet Job (Hz. Eyyüp), renowned for his patience and faith, is believed to have endured years of suffering near Sanliurfa.

    According to tradition, he contracted a severe illness and lived in a cave with his devoted wife Rahime. Despite immense hardship, he remained steadfast in his worship. Eventually, God revealed a healing spring, whose waters cured him.

    The cave and associated shrine remain important pilgrimage destinations, attracting visitors seeking spiritual reflection and blessings.

    Old Ömeriye Mosque

    Ömeriye Mosque

    Located in the historic center of Sanliurfa, Ömeriye Mosque is regarded as one of the city’s oldest mosques.

    Although its original construction date remains uncertain, local tradition attributes its foundation to Caliph Umar (Hz. Ömer). An inscription records a restoration carried out by Muhammed Ağa in 1301, confirming the mosque’s medieval origins.

    Its simple yet elegant architecture reflects the early Islamic heritage of the city.

    Halil-ur Rahman Mosque

    Halil-ur Rahman Mosque

    Standing beside the sacred waters of Balıklıgöl, Halil-ur Rahman Mosque forms part of a larger religious complex that includes a madrasa, cemetery, and sacred sites associated with Prophet Abraham.

    The mosque occupies the location of a Byzantine church built in AD 504. The present structure was constructed during the Ayyubid period and completed in 1211 under the patronage of Melik Esref Muzaffereddin Musa.

    Its elegant stone minaret and peaceful lakeside setting make it one of the most photographed landmarks in Şanlıurfa.

    Rizvaniye Mosque

    Rizvaniye Mosque

    Built in 1716 by Ottoman governor Rizvan Ahmed Pasha, the Rizvaniye Mosque stands on the northern side of Balıklıgöl.

    Constructed on the site of the former Church of St. Thomas, the mosque features a graceful courtyard and arcaded prayer hall overlooking the sacred pools. Its location offers some of the finest views within the Balıklıgöl complex.

    Prophet Eyyüp, Prophet Elyasa, and Rahime Hatun Mausoleums

    Eyyüp Nebi Village

    Located approximately 12 kilometers from Viranşehir, Eyyüp Nebi Village is one of the region’s most important pilgrimage destinations.

    The village contains:

    • The mausoleum of Prophet Eyyüp (Job)
    • The tomb of Rahime Hatun, his wife
    • The mausoleum of Prophet Elyasa (Elisha)
    • Sacred springs associated with healing traditions
    • A revered stone believed to have supported Prophet Eyyüp during his suffering

    Visitors traditionally pay their respects first at the tomb of Prophet Elyasa before visiting the mausoleums of Prophet Eyyüp and Rahime Hatun.

    Ulu Mosque of Harran

    Harran Grand Mosque

    Situated within the ancient city of Harran, this remarkable structure is among the oldest monumental mosques in Anatolia.

    Constructed between AD 744 and 750 during the Umayyad period under Caliph Marwan II, it once formed part of a vast religious and educational complex that included:

    • A madrasa (theological school)
    • A bathhouse
    • A hospital
    • Extensive courtyards

    Although much of the mosque now lies in ruins, its surviving walls, columns, and minaret foundations testify to Harran’s importance as one of the great centers of Islamic scholarship during the medieval period.

    Visiting Tips

    • The Balıklıgöl area can be explored on foot and is the spiritual heart of Şanlıurfa.
    • Modest clothing is recommended when visiting mosques and shrines.
    • Early morning and sunset provide the most atmospheric views of the sacred pools and historic mosques.
    • Combine visits to Balıklıgöl, Sanliurfa Castle, the Archaeology Museum, and Harran for a comprehensive cultural experience.
    • Many sites remain active places of worship, so visitors should be respectful during prayer times.

    The mosques and sacred sites of Sanliurfa offer a unique journey through thousands of years of religious history, where biblical traditions, Islamic heritage, and ancient civilizations converge in one of Turkey’s most spiritually significant cities.

  • Shopping in Gaziantep, Turkey

    Gaziantep is one of Turkey’s finest shopping destinations, combining centuries-old craftsmanship with world-famous culinary products. The city is particularly renowned for copperware, spices, pistachios, baklava, traditional leather footwear, textiles, and handcrafted jewelry. The historic bazaars surrounding the old city and castle area offer the most authentic shopping experience.

    What to Buy in Gaziantep

    Copperware

    Gaziantep’s most famous handicraft is hand-hammered copper. Skilled artisans continue a tradition that dates back more than 500 years, producing:

    • Coffee pots (cezve)
    • Serving trays
    • Decorative plates
    • Bowls and kitchenware
    • Traditional home décor

    Many workshops still manufacture products by hand, allowing visitors to watch craftsmen at work.

    Antep Pistachios

    Gaziantep is Turkey’s pistachio capital. The region produces some of the world’s finest pistachios, which are sold:

    • Roasted and salted
    • Fresh and shelled
    • In confectionery products
    • As gifts in decorative packaging

    Baklava

    No visit to Gaziantep is complete without purchasing authentic Antep baklava. The city is famous throughout Turkey for its pistachio-filled baklava made with thin layers of pastry and pure butter. Freshly boxed baklava makes an excellent gift.

    Spices and Local Foods

    Popular culinary souvenirs include:

    • Antep pepper (pul biber)
    • Sumac
    • Dried vegetables
    • Turkish coffee
    • Pekmez (grape molasses)
    • Traditional sweets
    • Local herbs and seasonings

    The colorful spice markets are among the most photogenic shopping areas in the city.

    Yemeni Leather Shoes

    Handmade “Yemeni” shoes are one of Gaziantep’s unique traditional products. These handcrafted leather shoes have been produced in the region for generations and are popular among visitors seeking authentic local craftsmanship.

    Jewelry and Textiles

    Visitors can also find:

    • Silver jewelry
    • Mother-of-pearl inlay products
    • Handwoven rugs and kilims
    • Scarves and textiles
    • Traditional handicrafts

     

    Best Shopping Areas

    Bakırcılar Çarşısı (Coppersmith Bazaar)

    The city’s most iconic shopping destination, this historic bazaar is filled with copper workshops, artisan stores, spice sellers, and souvenir shops. Visitors can observe craftsmen shaping copper by hand while browsing unique handmade products. The atmospheric stone streets and traditional architecture make it one of Gaziantep’s highlights.

    Zincirli Bedesten

    A beautifully preserved covered market dating from the 18th century. More than seventy shops sell spices, handicrafts, local foods, silver jewelry, copper goods, textiles, and souvenirs.

    Almacı Pazarı

    One of the best places to experience the aromas and colors of Gaziantep. This traditional market specializes in spices, dried peppers, nuts, pistachios, and regional food products.

    Kemikli Bedesten

    A historic shopping area known for local crafts, textiles, and traditional products. It remains an important stop for visitors exploring the old city.

    Shopping Tips

    • Bargaining is common in traditional bazaars, especially for handicrafts and souvenirs.
    • Compare prices between several shops before making expensive purchases.
    • Ask whether copper products are handmade or factory-produced.
    • Purchase pistachios and baklava from reputable specialist stores for the best quality.
    • Carry some cash for small market purchases, although many shops accept cards.

    Modern Shopping Centers

    For international brands and fixed-price shopping, Gaziantep also offers modern malls including:

    • Sanko Park
    • Forum Gaziantep
    • Prime Mall Gaziantep
    • M1 Gaziantep

    These centers provide Turkish and international fashion brands, electronics, restaurants, and entertainment facilities.

    Recommended Souvenirs

    If you only have room for a few items, the best choices are:

    1. Authentic Antep baklava
    2. Premium pistachios
    3. Handmade copper coffee pot (cezve)
    4. Antep pepper and spice sets
    5. Yemeni leather shoes
    6. Traditional silver or mother-of-pearl handicrafts

    These products represent the rich culinary and artisan traditions that have made Gaziantep one of Turkey’s most distinctive shopping destinations.

  • Archaeological and Ethnographical Museum, Gaziantep, Turkey

    The Gaziantep Archaeological and Ethnographical Museum is one of southeastern Turkey’s most important cultural institutions, preserving the rich historical heritage of Gaziantep and its surrounding region. The museum administration is responsible not only for the Archaeological Museum and Ethnographical Museum but also for the Yesemek Open-Air Museum in İslahiye. In addition, it oversees hundreds of registered cultural monuments and archaeological sites throughout the province.

    The origins of the museum date back to 1944, when Sabahat Göğüş began collecting historical artifacts from across the region with the aim of establishing a museum for Gaziantep. The first collection was housed in the historic Nuri Mehmet Paşa Mosque. As the number of artifacts rapidly increased, the collection was transferred to its current building in 1969.

    Due to the extraordinary archaeological wealth of the region, the museum soon required expansion. Construction of an additional wing began in 1976. Although the project remained unfinished for many years, it was eventually completed, significantly increasing the exhibition space. Today, the museum features several exhibition halls displaying artifacts from prehistoric times through the Ottoman era, while continuously introducing new exhibitions designed to engage visitors and present history in an accessible and attractive manner.

    Museum Halls

    A. Temporary Exhibition and Nostalgia Hall

    Located near the entrance, this long gallery hosts temporary and rotating exhibitions throughout the year. These displays often focus on archaeology, local history, photography, and cultural heritage. Special themed exhibitions featuring historical reconstructions and visual presentations help visitors better understand the archaeological discoveries of the region.

    B. Chronological Hall

    The Chronological Hall provides visitors with a comprehensive overview of the history of Gaziantep and Anatolia. Large maps illustrate ancient settlements and archaeological excavation sites throughout the region.

    The exhibition begins with displays from the Paleolithic period, featuring stone tools discovered in the Dülük and Euphrates regions, along with explanations of their manufacture and use. The collection continues through the Chalcolithic and Bronze Ages before introducing the Iron Age and the remarkable civilization of the Urartians.

    The second section presents artifacts from the Achaemenid Persian, Hellenistic, Commagene, and Roman periods. Byzantine and Islamic-era ceramics, decorated vessels, and oil lamps complete the chronological journey.

    Among the hall’s most notable exhibits are finds from the Belkıs–Zeugma excavations, an exhibition of children’s toys through the ages, mammoth bones, and a preserved crocodile specimen.

    C. Belkıs–Zeugma Hall

    This hall is dedicated to the spectacular discoveries from the ancient city of Zeugma, located near modern-day Belkıs on the banks of the Euphrates River.

    Visitors can admire funerary stelae, relief sculptures, statues, and remarkable mosaic panels recovered during excavations. Particularly impressive are the exhibits relating to the 4th-century AD tomb chambers of the Zeugma necropolis, which feature corridors, terraces, and sculpted portraits of the deceased.

    The hall also displays numerous artifacts from the Bronze Age, including cult objects, figurines, seals, cylinder seals, decorative pins, bracelets, fibulae, rings, and exquisite gold and silver ornaments.

    D. Numismatic and Children’s Toys Collection

    One section of the museum houses an extensive collection of coins arranged chronologically according to their period and mint. Detailed information panels explain the development of coinage through the Greek, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman periods.

    Visitors can view beautifully preserved gold, silver, and bronze coins alongside jewelry and decorative objects from various civilizations.

    Connecting galleries feature a charming collection of traditional Gaziantep children’s toys. Carefully restored and donated by Mrs. Akten Köylüoğlu, these toys offer a fascinating glimpse into daily life and childhood in earlier generations.

    E. Special Exhibition Hall

    This innovative exhibition space presents large-scale educational displays and thematic exhibitions. One of the highlights is a 60-panel panorama illustrating the founding and development of a Roman city.

    Additional displays explore:

    • Turkish architectural heritage
    • Archaeological treasures of Anatolia
    • Cultural preservation and restoration
    • The illegal trafficking of antiquities
    • Archaeological rescue excavations conducted in dam construction areas

    Particularly noteworthy are the findings from a Bronze Age necropolis uncovered during excavations in the region, where more than 300 graves and numerous artifacts were discovered. The hall also presents information about the famous Zeugma seal impressions, one of the largest collections of its kind ever uncovered.

    F. Museum Garden

    The museum garden functions as an open-air exhibition area. In the front garden, visitors can view funerary monuments, banquet reliefs, and stone markers dating from the Hittite and Late Hittite periods.

    The side garden contains numerous Roman-period artifacts from Zeugma, including gravestones decorated with symbolic motifs. Men are often represented by eagle figures, while women are symbolized through baskets of wool and domestic motifs.

    Large stone monuments, architectural fragments, and mosaic panels are gradually being incorporated into expanded exhibition areas, allowing visitors to appreciate these monumental artifacts in an outdoor setting.

    Visitor Experience

    The Gaziantep Archaeological and Ethnographical Museum offers an excellent introduction to the history of southeastern Anatolia. From prehistoric stone tools and Bronze Age treasures to the magnificent mosaics of Zeugma and the traditions of Ottoman-era Gaziantep, the museum provides a fascinating journey through thousands of years of human civilization.

    For travelers exploring Gaziantep, the museum is an essential stop, complementing visits to the ancient city of Zeugma, Gaziantep Castle, the historic bazaars, and the region’s renowned culinary attractions.

    Note: Many of the most famous Zeugma mosaics, including the celebrated “Gypsy Girl” mosaic, are now displayed in the dedicated Zeugma Mosaic Museum, one of the world’s largest mosaic museums and a major attraction in Gaziantep.

  • Eating Out in Gaziantep, Turkey

    Few cities in Turkey can rival the culinary reputation of Gaziantep, a destination widely regarded as the gastronomic capital of the country. Rich in flavors, traditions, and centuries-old recipes, Gaziantep offers visitors an unforgettable culinary experience that reflects the diverse cultural heritage of southeastern Anatolia.

    A World of Flavors

    The city’s most famous specialty is undoubtedly Baklava, a delicate pastry made from layers of thin phyllo dough, premium pistachios, and sweet syrup. Gaziantep’s baklava is internationally renowned and is often considered among the finest in the world. Local pastry shops continue to prepare it using traditional methods passed down through generations.

    Another local favorite is Lahmacun, often described as a Turkish-style pizza. This thin, crispy flatbread is topped with a savory mixture of minced meat, tomatoes, peppers, herbs, and spices before being baked in a stone oven. It is typically served with fresh parsley, onions, and a squeeze of lemon.

    Traditional Gaziantep Specialties

    Food lovers should also sample:

    • Ali Nazik Kebab – grilled meat served over a bed of smoky eggplant puree and yogurt.
    • Beyran Soup – a hearty breakfast soup made with lamb, rice, garlic, and spices.
    • Yuvalama – a festive dish featuring tiny meatballs, chickpeas, and yogurt sauce.
    • Küşleme – tender lamb fillet grilled over charcoal.
    • Patlıcan Kebabı – skewered lamb and eggplant cooked together.
    • İçli Köfte – bulgur shells stuffed with seasoned minced meat and nuts.

    Pistachios and Local Products

    Gaziantep is famous throughout Turkey for its exceptional pistachios, which are used in many local desserts and savory dishes. The fertile lands surrounding the city also produce:

    • Pistachio nuts
    • Grapes and grape products
    • Pekmez (traditional grape molasses)
    • Halva and other sweet confections
    • Aniseed products
    • Olive oil
    • Regional spices and dried vegetables

    Many local markets sell these products, making them excellent souvenirs for visitors.

    Tea Houses and Traditional Cafés

    The historic neighborhoods of Gaziantep are filled with traditional tea gardens and cafés where visitors can relax while enjoying Turkish tea, strong coffee, and local desserts. Many establishments are located near the city’s restored bazaars and historic caravanserais, creating an authentic atmosphere that reflects the city’s Ottoman heritage.

    Recommended Dining Areas

    Popular areas for experiencing Gaziantep cuisine include:

    • The historic bazaar district around the old city center.
    • Restaurant-lined streets near the castle area.
    • Traditional kebab houses serving regional specialties.
    • Modern restaurants that reinterpret classic Gaziantep recipes.

    Food Festivals and Culinary Tourism

    Gaziantep’s culinary importance has earned it international recognition, and the city regularly hosts food festivals, cooking events, and gastronomic celebrations. Visitors can participate in culinary tours, cooking workshops, and tasting experiences that showcase the region’s rich food culture.

    Dining Tips for Travelers

    • Try baklava from several bakeries to compare styles and flavors.
    • Enjoy beyran soup early in the morning like the locals.
    • Pair kebabs with freshly baked local bread and seasonal salads.
    • Visit traditional markets to purchase pistachios, spices, and pekmez directly from local producers.
    • Reserve tables in popular restaurants during weekends and holidays, as they can become very busy.

    For many travelers, a visit to Gaziantep is as much about food as it is about history and culture. From world-famous baklava and pistachios to rich kebabs and traditional soups, the city offers one of the most rewarding culinary journeys in Turkey.

  • Shopping in Midyat, Mardin

    Shopping in Midyat is a unique cultural experience that reflects the town’s rich heritage and centuries-old craftsmanship. Renowned throughout Turkey for its exquisite silver filigree work, traditional stone masonry, and handcrafted products, Midyat offers visitors the opportunity to purchase authentic souvenirs created by skilled local artisans.

    The historic bazaar, located in the heart of the old town, remains the best place to discover traditional handicrafts and experience the artistic traditions that have been preserved for generations.

    Telkari Silver Art

    The most famous product of Midyat is Telkari, an intricate silver filigree art that has been practiced in the region for centuries.

    What is Telkari?

    Telkari is the delicate process of twisting and weaving extremely fine silver wires into elaborate decorative patterns. The technique requires remarkable precision and patience, and each piece is handcrafted by experienced artisans.

    Visitors can find:

    • Necklaces
    • Earrings
    • Bracelets
    • Rings
    • Brooches
    • Decorative ornaments
    • Traditional Syriac crosses
    • Home décor items

    Many workshops allow visitors to observe craftsmen at work, providing a fascinating insight into one of Anatolia’s most celebrated artistic traditions.

    Traditional Handicrafts

    Stone Masonry

    Midyat is famous for its distinctive honey-colored limestone architecture. Skilled stonemasons continue to produce decorative architectural elements, carved ornaments, and handcrafted stone souvenirs inspired by the town’s historic mansions and churches.

    Copper Craftsmanship

    Copperworking remains an important local craft. Visitors can purchase:

    • Traditional coffee pots
    • Serving trays
    • Decorative plates
    • Bowls
    • Hand-engraved household items

    The detailed engraving techniques reflect influences from both Anatolian and Mesopotamian artistic traditions.

    Kilim Weaving

    Handwoven kilims and textiles are among the most popular traditional products available in Midyat. These colorful woven rugs feature regional motifs and geometric patterns that have been passed down through generations.

    Available items include:

    • Kilims
    • Decorative wall hangings
    • Cushion covers
    • Table runners
    • Traditional textiles

    Pottery and Ceramics

    Local potters continue to create functional and decorative ceramic products using traditional methods. Handmade pottery can be found in workshops and artisan shops throughout the town.

    Best Places to Shop

    Midyat Old Bazaar

    Midyat Bazaar

    The historic bazaar is the center of shopping activity in Midyat. Its narrow streets are lined with artisan workshops and family-owned stores selling handmade goods, silver jewelry, and regional products.

    Visitors can browse dozens of small shops while watching craftsmen produce Telkari jewelry and other traditional items.

    Silver Workshops

    Many of Midyat’s silver workshops are operated by families who have practiced the craft for generations. Purchasing directly from artisans ensures authenticity and supports the preservation of this important cultural tradition.

    Local Products and Souvenirs

    In addition to handicrafts, visitors can purchase a variety of regional specialties:

    • Syriac wine
    • Pistachios
    • Almonds
    • Grape molasses (Pekmez)
    • Bitim soap
    • Local spices
    • Traditional sweets
    • Handwoven textiles

    Shopping Tips

    • Look for handmade Telkari products rather than mass-produced imitations.
    • Ask artisans about the history and techniques behind their work.
    • Compare several shops before making larger purchases.
    • Carefully inspect silver items for craftsmanship and detail.
    • Many artisans are happy to explain the production process and demonstrate their skills.

    What to Buy in Midyat

    If you are looking for the most authentic souvenirs, consider:

    1. Handmade Telkari silver jewelry
    2. Traditional Syriac-inspired silver ornaments
    3. Handwoven kilims
    4. Copper coffee pots and trays
    5. Decorative stone carvings
    6. Bitim soap
    7. Local wines and grape products

    Shopping in Midyat is more than simply buying souvenirs—it is an opportunity to discover living traditions, meet talented artisans, and take home a piece of the rich cultural heritage of the Tur Abdin region. The town’s famous Telkari silverwork remains one of the finest examples of traditional craftsmanship in Turkey and a treasured reminder of any visit to this remarkable destination.