In the Byzantine period, this section, which had no residential area, was called Peran Ties; meaning other than the counter-collar.In the last century, especially foreigners used the name Pera instead of Beyoglu. The Turks called Peraari Beyoglu and meant a wider area. There are various narrations regarding the appearance of the name Beyoglu. According to one of them; the name Beyoglu originates from the fact that Alexios Komnenos, one of the Pontus princes in the time of Fatih Sultan Mehmed, sat here accepting Islam. According to the latter; it is not the prince of Pontus who lives here, but the son of Andre Crete, the Venetian ambassador in the time of Kanuni, Luigi Creteti. This man, whom the Turks call “Bey Son”, was born from the marriage of the envoy to a Greek woman. The mansion where he lives is also located near Taksim. According to the other one; this district took the name Beyoglu because the Venetian envoy who lived here in the period of Kanuni Sultan Suleiman was called Beyoglu in correspondence. The name Pera became increasingly forgotten after being removed from official correspondence in 1925’, In contrast, the name Beyoglu gained power and became widespread in the sense of the region. Pera was the settlement of Istanbul in the Byzantine period that developed later.
Emperor 2.Housing on the slopes facing Halicade and Marmara in the enclosed area surrounded by the walls of Istanbul, some of which were built by Theodosius; trade organizations in the vicinity of Sirkeci; Sarayburnu, Beyazit, Aksaray, Cerrahpasa, Yedikulede administrative, etc, religious and commercial centers were busy. Galata, on the opposite bank of Khalichin, was also an outer settlement. The majority of the inhabitants of this settlement, called Sykai (Sycae), were Venetians and Genoese. These settlements, later surrounded by walls, became a rich commercial center. given the rule of Genoese merchants in the 13th century, Galata has maintained its importance in trade for centuries. In the 5th century, the city was one of the largest cities in the world with a population of 100 thousand. The population of up to 50 thousand when taken by the Ottomans exceeded 100 thousand by the placement of Muslim and non-Muslim alkalis brought from Rumeli and Anatolia. Most Muslims lived outside the peninsula where the old city was located during this period. Skyai also overflowed to the wall and grew to Pera (today Galatasaray). In the 19th century, Galata showed significant improvements. This section began to gain the appearance of a European city where foreign embassies were settled while maintaining the characteristic of being trade centers and foreign bankers, brokers, banks and insurance companies were concentrated, as well as entertainment places.
The Ottoman sultan’s departure from Topkapi Palace and moving to Dolmabahce Palace near Galata coincides with this century. In the 19th century, when Feshane, the first important industrial enterprise, was opened to the operation in Khalic, the city gained urban and non-city transportation facilities such as railway, tram and tunnel. In the Ottoman period, Beyoglu, as the environment, is the place where the material image of Westernization is focused. The acquisition of water, which is the most vital need, provided a wider presence of Beyoglu. After 1492’, foreign embassies in Galata were moved to Beyoglu; Galatasaray and Tunnel began to develop as a settlement area. XVIII continued its development in the century and spread to Kasympasa and Tophane sides. Until the late eighteenth century, it was hardly moved outside the Wall of Galata. In the last period of Byzantium, the commercial life of Galata was dominated by Latin people. The amount of Latin origin, the majority of which was made up of Genovans, was greater than the Greeks. When Galata passed to Turkish rule, not all of these Latin origin who remained from Genoese left Galata. The remaining ones formed the yeast of the Levantines of the Turkish period. After the conquest, Galataya also settled in many Turks.According to a document dated 1476, Galata had 592 Greek, 535 Muslim, 332 French and 62 Armenian houses.
In the surah of Galata, Turks were not the majority, but Tophane, Hazelted, Ayaspasa, Kabatas, Galatasaraydan, Besiktas, the circumference of the road descending from Tophane, On the shores of Halic, the Azapkapi Sokollu Mosque was filled with surroundings and Kasympasa Turkish houses a little further ahead of it. The situation changed in the XIX century. In the second half of the century, the measure of change in both speed and volume grew in favor of non-Muslim groups. In the area ranging from Galatasaray to Galatasaray around the Galata Tower, non-Muslims consisting of Greek, Armenian and Jewish, and Levantines and foreign nationals constituted a majority. In addition, the change in the attitude of the Ottoman Empire towards the Westerners has led the states that have new relations with the Ottomans to build buildings and settle there with large staff. In fact, while European states took place in Beyoglu and put the embassy buildings in these places, Beyoglu’s building tissue has also enriched. Many historic mosques and churches in Beyoglu draw a colorful culture together.