Eyup Istanbul Metropolitan Area is located on the west side of the province, on the Fork Peninsula.The district is surrounded by Sarikyer, Sisli, Kagithane, Beyoglu in the southeast, Fatih and Zeytinburnu in the south, Bajrampasa in the southwest, Gazpasa in the west and northwest. The district has a large area of 242 km2 ’, which starts at the point where Halic ends and extends to the Black Sea coast in the north. Alibeykoy and Kagithane creeks pass through the district boundaries and pour into Halicard. The Alibeykoy Creek, which takes the waters of the Albanian village and Imrahor regions, is directed first to the east and then to the south to Khaliche. There is Alibey Dam on the stream which is about 50 km long. The historic center of Job is located on the natural waterway of Golden Horn. The city is not only an institutional, economic and political phenomenon, but also an architectural phenomenon formed in the process of historical development. The coexistence of the monuments, the coexistence of the cities, the coexistence of the lives, the memories, the traditions, the relations, the respect for the previous, the interactions, and more importantly, the coexistence is nothing more than a testimony of their coexistence.
In the spatial formation of the city, the importance of the place where it is located both geographically and historically is great. Eyup has been a center of attraction for people to settle and live since prehistoric times due to its proper topographical structure, climate, ease of access to water and fertile soil. Archaeological excavations in 1949 at the confluence of the paper mill and Alibey streams BC. It points to some structures from the 2nd century. Bizan Dionisios mentions a settlement around the Semestra Altar, built at the confluence of these streams. Referring to Gilles Byzantine Dionisios, located in the city from 1544’ to 1550’, Halicin’s clean waters in ancient times, with reference to, it states that it is a beautiful place with green hills and bays. It is a natural harbor protected against the violence of the sea and wind. It is quite difficult to find a clear depiction of the region from the Byzantine period (B.4 .y.y.–1453). The earliest information is given by Paulinus, friend of Theodosius II.
This information indicates the existence of a church built in the names of Saint Kosmas and Damianus. (Van Millingen 1899=170) The monastery was most likely made in the second half of the 5th century and became a popular healing place with dormitory and bath in the 6th century.Avarian monastery, which was destroyed during the siege of Avar in 626’, It was rebuilt in the 10th century by Michael IV (1034-1041) in a wider form with various additions and surrounding the building with a wall, and was able to survive with some parts, if not all, until the 15th century. The location of the monastery of Saint Kosmas and Damianusa is not open in historical sources. However, 6. According to the tariff made by Prokorpius, who was the governor of the city in the century, we can say that the monastery is on the steep slope, located just behind today’s Eyup Mosque. K.Ekrem Sleeper Counties in Istanbul; a palace and monastery called “Ayamamamamas” are built on the hill of Eyup. In this monastery church; Byzantine Emperors are armed. This tradition continues in the following centuries as the Ottoman sultans declared their sultanate by wearing a sword in Eyupette.
However, given other sources and historical remains; stating that there is no other significant structure outside the monastery built in the name of Saint Kosmos and Damianos in the place of today’s Job, We can say that the first important structure in the euphemism is the shrine, mosque and imaret built by the Ottomans in the name of Eyup al-Ensari. At the time of Abu Sufyan Muawiyah (H.50 or 52), the son of Muawiyah under the command of Yezi Tunei, a large Arab army appeared in front of Istanbul. In this army, there were also such phalanxes as Abbas son Abdullah, Yazit son Abdullah, Ibn Zubayr, Eba Eyyup Zeyd son Halit. The Arab army consisted of fifty thousand soldiers. These two hundred thousand pieces of boats first came to Rhodes port and then to Istanbul. The Arab army surrounded the city, the war lasted for six months, Eba Eyyup, who was in the Arab army, was diarrhea during the war, his disease became more and more severe. Understanding that he was going to die, this great man called the son of the army commander Muawiyah, Yeziti and the army’s chief provisions, and when he died, he testified that he was buried in close proximity to the walls of Istanbul.
When Eba Eyyup passed away, his body was put in the grave prepared near the walls. The Byzantines were surprised to see that at night the Zayd son Halitin rose from his nightmare, and in the morning the emperor sent a special envoy to the Arab army. He asked what was the stillness that appeared near the walls. The Arabs told the story without hesitation. The emperor Eba Eyyuba ordered a mausoleum to be built and four lamps burned at the bedside of the cabin. After that, the Byzantines sought help from the spirit of Eba Eyyub every time they were bored, even using the water from the tip of the cabrine to treat mental illness. In another source; the martyrdom of Eba Eyyub al-Ensarii is described as follows:The Arab army succeeded and failed to bring down the city. That winter was also severe. Gossip increased among the soldiers. Everyone in the army says “Fetihten, let’s take tribute”, and this thought insisted. Those who were at the head of the army spoke at length among them. They decided to give up the conquest and take tribute. The emperor of Istanbul gladly agreed to give tribute, as he was also in a state of power. The Arab army stopped the war.
In this respect, the sahaber in the army came up to “Bur, and they went to Istanbul and called two records prayer ”. For this, they obtained permission from the emperor. Eba Eyyup came under the castle with a thousand soldiers. He entered the city without fear and without hesitation, without taking hostages from the Byzantines. Both he and his soldiers prayed two records in Hagia Sophia. They wished Allah that Hagia Sophia was a place of worship for the Muslims. As Hagia Sophia walked out of the vicinity, the Byzantines, driven by the priests, decided to kill their guests. They organized banquets in order to deceive the military, and attacked them as they led the city towards the Edirnekapi in “Vehir. Arab military bravely welcomed the Byzantines’ attack. They too were cast upon the Byzantines with their swords. In the blink of an eye, many of the Byzantines fell to the ground. The Arab military was few and the fighting lasted more than three hours. From the drips, the chimneys, the windows, the Byzantine women and children were shooting at Muslims. The Arabs came to the hit. They killed gatekeepers and guards.
Eba Eyyup was wounded by a stone thrown out of the Curriculum. Since the other was a little uncomfortable, the disease was exacerbated by this occasion. The martyr finally fell. The Arabs left a cabaret in a torch near the Eba Eyyupu Curriculum. They put a stone on Kabrin showing the date of his death. After that, they left Istanbul. In Eyyub Sultan and Holy Relics, Recep Akakush; “Halid bin Zayd not only encouraged Muslims in jihad, he participated in the Istanbul battle in an age of eighty love and sacrificed his own life on this path. Khalid bin Zeyd, who came to the front of the walls of Istanbul by crossing deserts, valleys, mountains and endless plains in order to preserve the dynamism of Islam, fell ill during the battle and fell to the bed with diarrhea or asthma. In response to Yezide, the chief commander who asked if he had any will: “The matters which are of great importance to you are no longer of any value to me; there is so much k, Resul-ure Ekremenden, I had heard that a righteous person would be buried near the walls of Istanbul; and I hope that I will be the righteous one; therefore you have usurped after death; you have taken my sight to the most advanced point where the Islamic army can advance.
Indeed, the unparalleled mujahedah walked Hakka, unable to escape the sickness of which he fell near the Byzantine walls, where he came to fight for his ideal and faith. His will was fulfilled, and after he was usurped, his sight was buried in the place of his tomb, which is now named after him. According to a rumor, his will was again concealed by moving cavalry horses over his grave. According to some historical sources, Hazreti Khalid bin Zeydin, Byzantine Emperor Constantine, from the Tekfur Palace around the burial site Erikapi, asked for information about the situation through an envoy and asked for the reason for the fevaluation he had seen. After his intelligence, Yazidai, the commander of the Muslims, sent this news only to provoke: “-I would think that Muawiya, the Caliph of Islam, was a wise man. I never thought that such a wise man would have such a stupid son. Does any man, one of his greats, say goodbye, and bury his sight in the land of the enemy? As soon as they withdraw, I remove the corpse of the elders they defected to my soil, feed them to the wild animals.”
Upon this provocative and threatening news of the Byzantine Emperor, Yezid sent the following news in reply: “Doubtless, the oppressors we defied are from Muslim nations. His will was buried here by the inventor. Otherwise, I would not leave him in hand.” and he would immediately add: “ If Khalid bin Zayd of the Islamic nations were opened after we withdrew from here, it is thrown in front of the wild animals and if the news of this reaches me, it will wash the churches in the Islamic land and I will not leave them on stone. I also pass Christians by the sword This response, sent by the Muslim army commander Yezid, changes the position of the Byzantine Emperor upon the news, and the Muslim army commander and the treaty jihad are sent. The Emperor undertakes to protect and preserve the Kabri of the Khalida of Hazrati, which he wants to destroy and destroy. It even builds an open dome over four columns. They also burn candles here at night. Ayni, one of the Bukhari’s chariots, informs that the nightmare of Khalid bin Zeyd’e in his revival is being preserved by the Byzantines.
On the other hand, according to the information given by historical sources, the tomb and mausoleum of Hazreti Khalid bin Zeydabee have been preserved by the Byzantines for centuries, used as a visiting place, the water of the well, which is still found in the mausoleum and is called the kismet well, is distributed to the diseases of the mind and asthma with the intention of healing. Until the invasions and destruction of Istanbul, Khalid bin Zaydutyin shrine and tomb were preserved by the Byzantines, visited and became a holy place in times of famine and narrowness. However, when the Latins invaded Istanbul, they destroyed and destroyed the tomb and tomb of Hazreti Khalid bin Zaydutyin, as they destroyed many churches and similar holy places belonging to Christians. It has been 7 centuries. immediately after Fethin, the Fatih Sultan Mehmedin teacher determined the place where Aksemseddin was found. On top of that, this place was excavated and a stone with the inscription “Haza kabr-i Eba Eyyub” was found on it. A shrine was built by the will of the sultan. After Hazreti Khalid bin Zaydin found the cabbage and built a mausoleum here, the first major selatin mosque of the city was built. A madrasa, hammam and ashyane were added to these structures and the first complex of the Turkish era was created in Istanbul.
Again with a foundation established by the sultan, these service structures were ensured to live. This complex, built just behind the conquest of Istanbul, formed the core of Eyup settlement. Yahya Kemal, published on March 5, 1922 in the daily Tevhid-i Efkar “, in a dream We see Eyup”; “Eyup, the city of death of Turks Eyup, It stands green like a garden of Islamic paradise on the beach where European soil ends. Do those who enter this garden of death once know when they feel as if they are lost in a cypress and tile dream that they are truly in a dream?. Because Istanbul was a dream of the Turkish armies coming to conquer in the spring of the 857th year of the hijret. That dream was the green city we saw on the edge of Halicutyin.” says. After the ashtray built for Eyup Sultan was completed, houses were built around it. However, the population was temporary in this region. People would come here for worship on certain days of the year
Fatih Sultan Mehmed is located on the Western side of the Eyup Istanbul Metropolitan Area, on the Western side of the Eyup Istanbul Metropolitan Area, in the time of Istanbul.The district is located in the east of Sarikyer, Sisli, Kagithane, in the southeast Beyoglu, Fatihbur in the south, it is bordered by Gaziosmanpasa districts in the west and northwest. The district has a large area of 242 km2 ’, which starts at the point where Halic ends and extends to the Black Sea coast in the north. Alibeykoy and Kagithane creeks pass through the district boundaries and pour into Halicard. The Alibeykoy Creek, which takes the waters of the Albanian village and Imrahor regions, is directed first to the east and then to the south to Haliche. There is Alibey Dam on the stream which is about 50 km long. The historic center of Job is located on the natural waterway of Golden Horn. The city is not only a corporate, economic and political phenomenon, but also an architectural phenomenon formed in the process of historical development. The coexistence of the monuments, the coexistence of the cities, the coexistence of the lives, the memories, the traditions, the relations, the respect for the previous, the interactions, and more importantly, the coexistence is nothing more than a testimony of their coexistence.
In the spatial formation of the city, the importance of the place where it is located both geographically and historically is great. Eyup has been a center of attraction for people to settle and live since prehistoric times due to its proper topographical structure, climate, ease of access to water and fertile soil. Archaeological excavations in 1949 at the confluence of the paper mill and Alibey streams BC. It points to some structures from the 2nd century. Bizan Dionisios mentions a settlement around the Semestra Altar, built at the confluence of these streams. Referring to Gilles Byzantine Dionisios, located in the city from 1544’ to 1550’, Halicin’s clean waters in ancient times, with reference to, it states that it is a beautiful place with green hills and bays. It is a natural harbor protected against the violence of the sea and wind. It is quite difficult to find a clear depiction of the region from the Byzantine period (B.4 .y.y.–1453). The earliest information is given by Paulinus, friend of Theodosius II.
This information indicates the existence of a church built in the names of Saint Kosmas and Damianus. (Van Millingen 1899=170) The monastery was most likely made in the second half of the 5th century and became a popular healing place with dormitory and bath in the 6th century.Avarian monastery, which was destroyed during the siege of Avar in 626’, It was rebuilt in the 10th century by Michael IV (1034-1041) in a wider form with various additions and surrounding the building with a wall, and was able to survive with some parts, if not all, until the 15th century. The location of the monastery of Saint Kosmas and Damianusa is not open in historical sources. However, 6. According to the tariff made by Prokorpius, who was the governor of the city in the century, we can say that the monastery is on the steep slope, located just behind today’s Eyup Mosque. K.Ekrem Sleeper Counties in Istanbul; a palace and monastery called “Ayamamamamas” are built on the hill of Eyup. In this monastery church; Byzantine Emperors are armed. This tradition continues in the following centuries as the Ottoman sultans declared their sultanate by wearing a sword in Eyupette.
However, given other sources and historical remains; stating that there is no other significant structure outside the monastery built in the name of Saint Kosmos and Damianos in the place of today’s Job, We can say that the first important structure in the euphemism is the shrine, mosque and imaret built by the Ottomans in the name of Eyup al-Ensari. At the time of Abu Sufyan Muawiyah (H.50 or 52) from the Umayyah caliphate, Yazi Eyup/Photo/Goodar A major Arab army appeared in front of Istanbul. In this army, there were also such phalanxes as Abbas son Abdullah, Yazit son Abdullah, Ibn Zubayr, Eba Eyyup Zeyd son Halit. The Arab army consisted of fifty thousand soldiers. These two hundred thousand pieces of boats first came to Rhodes port and then to Istanbul. The Arab army surrounded the city, the war lasted for six months, Eba Eyyup, who was in the Arab army, was diarrhea during the war, his disease became more and more severe. Understanding that he was going to die, this great man called the son of the army commander Muawiyah, Yeziti and the army’s chief provisions, and when he died, he testified that he was buried in close proximity to the walls of Istanbul.
When Eba Eyyup passed away, his body was put in the grave prepared near the walls. The Byzantines were surprised to see that at night the Zayd son Halitin rose from his nightmare, and in the morning the emperor sent a special envoy to the Arab army. He asked what was the stillness that appeared near the walls. The Arabs told the story without hesitation. The emperor Eba Eyyuba ordered a mausoleum to be built and four lamps burned at the bedside of the cabin. After that, the Byzantines sought help from the spirit of Eba Eyyub every time they were bored, even using the water from the tip of the cabrine to treat mental illness. In another source; the martyrdom of Eba Eyyub al-Ensarii is described as follows:The Arab army succeeded and failed to bring down the city. That winter was also severe. Gossip increased among the soldiers. Everyone in the army says “Fetihten, let’s take tribute”, and this thought insisted. Those who were at the head of the army spoke at length among them. They decided to give up the conquest and take tribute. The emperor of Istanbul gladly agreed to give tribute, as he was also in a state of power. The Arab army stopped the war.
In this respect, the sahaber in the army came up to “Bur, and they went to Istanbul and called two records prayer ”. For this, they obtained permission from the emperor. Eba Eyyup came under the castle with a thousand soldiers. He entered the city without fear and without hesitation, without taking hostages from the Byzantines. Both he and his soldiers prayed two records in Hagia Sophia. They wished Allah that Hagia Sophia was a place of worship for the Muslims. As Hagia Sophia walked out of the vicinity, the Byzantines, driven by the priests, decided to kill their guests. They organized banquets in order to deceive the military, and attacked them as they led the city towards the Edirnekapi in “Vehir. Arab military bravely welcomed the Byzantines’ attack. They too were cast upon the Byzantines with their swords. In the blink of an eye, many of the Byzantines fell to the ground. The Arab military was few and the fighting lasted more than three hours. From the drips, the chimneys, the windows, the Byzantine women and children were shooting at Muslims. The Arabs came to the hit. They killed gatekeepers and guards. Eba Eyyup was wounded by a stone thrown out of the Curriculum.
Since the other was a little uncomfortable, the disease was exacerbated by this occasion. The martyr finally fell. The Arabs left a cabaret in a torch near the Eba Eyyupu Curriculum. They put a stone on Kabrin showing the date of his death. After that, they left Istanbul. In Eyyub Sultan and Holy Relics, Recep Akakush; “Halid bin Zayd not only encouraged Muslims in jihad, he participated in the Istanbul battle in an age of eighty love and sacrificed his own life on this path. Khalid bin Zeyd, who came to the front of the walls of Istanbul by crossing deserts, valleys, mountains and endless plains in order to preserve the dynamism of Islam, fell ill during the battle and fell to the bed with diarrhea or asthma. In response to Yezide, the chief commander who asked if he had any will: “The matters which are of great importance to you are no longer of any value to me; there is so much k, Resul-ure Ekremenden, I had heard that a righteous person would be buried near the walls of Istanbul; and I hope that I will be the righteous one; therefore you have usurped after death; you have taken my sight to the most advanced point where the Islamic army can advance.
Indeed, the incomparable mujahedah walked Hakka, unable to escape the sickness of which he fell near the Byzantine walls, where he came to fight for his ideal and faith. His will was fulfilled, and after he was usurped, his sight was buried in the place of his tomb, which is now named after him. According to a rumor, his will was again concealed by moving cavalry horses over his grave. According to some historical sources, Hazreti Khalid bin Zeydin, Byzantine Emperor Constantine, from the Tekfur Palace around the burial site Erikapi, asked for information about the situation through an envoy and asked for the reason for the fevaluation he had seen. After his intelligence, Yazidai, the commander of the Muslims, sent this news only to provoke: “-I would think that Muawiya, the Caliph of Islam, was a wise man. I never thought that such a wise man would have such a stupid son. Does any man, one of his greats, say goodbye, and bury his sight in the land of the enemy? As soon as they withdraw, I remove the corpse of the elders they defected to my soil, feed them to the wild animals.”
Upon this provocative and threatening news of the Byzantine Emperor, Yezid sent the following news in reply: “Doubtless, the oppressors we defied are from Muslim nations. His will was buried here by the inventor. Otherwise, I would not leave him in hand.” and he would immediately add: “ If Khalid bin Zayd of the Islamic nations were opened after we withdrew from here, it is thrown in front of the wild animals and if the news of this reaches me, it will wash the churches in the Islamic land and I will not leave them on stone. I also pass Christians by the sword This response, sent by the Muslim army commander Yezid, changes the position of the Byzantine Emperor upon the news, and the Muslim army commander and the treaty jihad are sent. The Emperor undertakes to protect and preserve the Kabri of the Khalida of Hazrati, which he wants to destroy and destroy. It even builds an open dome over four columns. They also burn candles here at night. Ayni, one of the Bukhari’s chariots, informs that the nightmare of Khalid bin Zeyd’e in his revival is being preserved by the Byzantines.
On the other hand, according to the information given by historical sources, the tomb and mausoleum of Hazreti Khalid bin Zeydabee have been preserved by the Byzantines for centuries, used as a visiting place, the water of the well, which is still found in the mausoleum and is called the kismet well, is distributed to the diseases of the mind and asthma with the intention of healing. Until the invasions and destruction of Istanbul, Khalid bin Zaydutyin shrine and tomb were preserved by the Byzantines, visited and became a holy place in times of famine and narrowness. However, when the Latins invaded Istanbul, they destroyed and destroyed the tomb and tomb of Hazreti Khalid bin Zaydutyin, as they destroyed many churches and similar holy places belonging to Christians.It has been 7 centuries. immediately after Fethin, the Fatih Sultan Mehmedin teacher determined the place where Aksemseddin was found. On top of that, this place was excavated and a stone with the inscription “Haza kabr-i Eba Eyyub” was found on it. A shrine was built by the will of the sultan.
After Hazreti Khalid bin Zaydin found the cabbage and built a mausoleum here, the first major selatin mosque of the city was built. A madrasa, hammam and ashyane were added to these structures and the first complex of the Turkish era was created in Istanbul. Again with a foundation established by the sultan, these service structures were ensured to live. This complex, built just behind the conquest of Istanbul, formed the core of Eyup settlement. Yahya Kemal, published on March 5, 1922 in the daily Tevhid-i Efkar “, in a dream We see Eyup”; “Eyup, the city of death of Turks Eyup, It stands green like a garden of Islamic paradise on the beach where European soil ends. Do those who enter this garden of death once know when they feel as if they are lost in a cypress and tile dream that they are truly in a dream?. Because Istanbul was a dream of the Turkish armies coming to conquer in the spring of the 857th year of the hijret. That dream was the green city we saw on the edge of Halicutyin.” says. After the ashtray built for Eyup Sultan was completed, houses were built around it. However, the population was temporary in this region.
People would come here for worship on certain days of the year. As a result of the policies implemented for the residence of Istanbul in the time of Fatih Sultan Mehmed, those coming from Bursa were placed around the Eyup Sultan Complex. Thus, around a religious memory, a new settlement area was established, except for the important and Byzantine walls of the city. The zoning movements that started during the Fatih period were continued with great zoning activities such as the construction of the mosque, madrasa, imaret v.s. and forty fountain waterways, which were built during the time of Sultan Bayezit II and especially Kanuni Sultan Suleiman. During this period, Eyup showed great development; Eyup settlement tissue did not spread much compared to the previous period, but there were significant zoning movements in the existing tissue. The structures, which are reflected in the architectural structure, materials and ornaments and the most beautiful examples of the Ottoman classical period, have been an indication of the social and cultural environment developed here. The Eyup Accident, often referred to in Ottoman texts and documents as Haslar, Havas-I Constantinople or Havas-I Refiye, is one of the four great women of Istanbul.
Robert Mantran, describing the 17th-century Job in the second half of the capital, told about the outer quarters of the Capital for Eyup; “If there is a mixed population within the walls, which is the most populous element of Turkey in any case, outside the walls, on the right (south) coast of Halicin, only the external neighborhoods inhabited by the Ottomans grew. Eyup, the main of them, has come to a point that is so important that it creates a special jurisdiction and has its own woman, its own captain and trustee. Eyub is a center that is pure Turkish…. A holy place of visit and respect, Eyub is a crowded, active and prosperous city…. Shops, fishermen, artisans, gardeners, as well as numerous clergymen – couches – have come to settle in this holy place. And again, in the mentality of holiness, the high people are here to stay or to make housing for themselves here. On Friday, a crowd of believers invades the town, and the shop of skiers and yoghurts taste the beret….
The Muslims of Istanbul who come here really feel at home in this city, where trade, profit, profit ambition and management fights are left out, away from the relationship with the unbelievers. Job is like a harbor to be found next to the robbery and corrupt world of the big city”. According to the information given by Evliya Celebi, the Eyup Woman; “500 is a flattery. The accident spreads to 700 villages, has 16 regiments of regency; the annual fairness income is 10,000 gurus. The vineyard and garden is a very coniferous city. It has nine thousand and eight hundred palaces and houses…. There are a thousand and eighty-five shops in the bazaar. There is no bedestan. However, it is possible to find all valuable items in shops. The poplar bazaar, the halis milk bazaar and the Innocent bazaar are taxpayers and ornate bazaars. The yogurt and skateboard of this bazaar are delicious, the barber shops are very ornate. Every Friday, as thousands of people come to visit the Apostle Eid, the bazaar and Sunday become the sea of people. Pleasure holders sit on the balconies of the skate shop and eat milk, white cheese, pure honey…. The water and air of the city of Job is beautiful and the beauty of men and women is praised. Ayan and his wife are many.
Most of its people are made up by scholars. The has bread, skate, yogurt, peach and apricot of the city of Eyub are famous. The fishermen who nest in the plane trees in the eubian courtyard give a gift every year by leaving two feathers on the head of the head on the Veiled Eubian Mausoleum.”.Edmondo de Amicis; in his book Istanbul (1874) for Eyup; “It is white, with an earthly sense of respect, with a lofty sadness, like an aristocratic neighborhood embedded in an extraordinary silence, it is a tomb city with a shadowy and wonderful beauty… In another part of Istanbul, Muslim art that beautifies the depiction of death and watches without fear is not revealed with such grace. A kabristan palace garden full of sadness and grace, which evokes both prayer and smile on the lips, is a temple. ;a symbol that gathers, educates and develops people with its traditional music, Tekke and the Magazines form the symbolic character of the city; from the Euphoean Pier to the Spring in the early 19th century, many coastal houses, coastal palaces, coastal palaces, it was decorated with boathouses and coffeehouses.
Other districts of Istanbul such as Eyup/Photo/Ahmet AGIKI, the scene of frequent fires Eyup, Sultan II. It was built on a large scale in Mahmut time. In the early 19th century, defterdarburnu and Eyup Pier III for the manufacture of military clothing replaced after Tanzimat: Selimin sister Hatice An important industrialization was recorded with Feshane, which was transplanted to the feriye part of the Sultan’s branch. (1839). Feshane began weaving with aba and carpet looms, and between 1843-1857, the factory was further developed by bringing spinning, weaving and finishing machines running on steam power from England, France and Belgium. In addition, a rope factory called Eyupette Rishtehane and Ilikhane Karhanesi was established in 1828’ in order to meet more military needs on these dates. Where the streams of Alibey and Kagithane pour into Halicar, the, The construction of Silahtaraga Thermal Power Plant, the first thermal power plant of Turkey, which was established in order to meet the electricity needs of Istanbul, started in 1911 and started to provide electricity to networks and subscribers in 1914.
However, due to the fact that the facilities are very old and the cooling water supply is difficult, the production of the plant was discontinued in 18.3.1983. Eyup, which is the first Turkish and Muslim settlement in Istanbul, is a typical example of Ottoman-Turkish urbanism. Since it is considered a sacred place in the eyes of the Ottoman Sultans and the people, it has developed as a center where the most valuable works of art and culture are collected. As the elite of the empire built their shrines here in the hope of winning the intercession of the Hereafter and established many foundation facilities, great cemeteries developed here in time, Eyup Sultan became an elite bully of Istanbul. In addition, every Ottoman sultan who ascended the new throne was surrounded by the sword by the greatest sect shale or sheikhism of the era in the Tomb of Eyup Sultan. This pasture, called Taklid-i Seyf, was as important as the biat pasture to sit on the throne. The Prophet’s Sanjak, which is considered one of the most important items of the Sultanate, was hidden in the Eyup Sultan Tomb until the Patrona Khalil Rebellion in 1703, and then taken to the Harem Chamber in Topkapi Palace. In a nutshell, the Eyup Sultan constitutes an extremely important post in the Ottoman political order.
Eyup is also a unique museum in terms of Ottoman Turkish architecture, tilemaking and calligraphy. Eyup Sultan is also a center where the most important tekkes are collected. Given the distinguished place of the tekkes in the history of Turkish mysticism, literature and art, Eyup Sultan is a center of ideas and art. Fatih Sultan Mehmed and Bayezid II made a special effort for the restoration of Istanbul. Within the framework of the policies implemented for the residence of Istanbul in the time of Fatih Sultan Mehmed, those who came from Bursa were placed around the Eyup Sultan Complex. Later, Istanbul and Eyupee were admitted to increase the population. Based on the type of migrant it attracts, we can say that Eyupune is a part of the Balkans. Eyup was a small town, functionally dependent on Istanbul, an important religious visit center and a large cemetery site. But in terms of governance, an independent accident covering Istanbul’s hinterland in Rumelia, extending from Grand drawer in the south to Albanian village in the north, was the center of the Haslar crash.
The presence of numerous boats and waterways, as well as busy highways, made it much easier to transport from the countryside to the accident center than other parts of the capital, which are far and ashore. The Haslar accident was mainly a rural accident; the cities living in the center of the town of Eyup remain a minority in the accident. But here the countryside had a different dimension. Because this region was a part of the region that produced the goods for Istanbul, which could not be brought from remote agricultural areas such as fresh milk, vegetables and flowers. Eyup has also been an end point in the spatial structuring around Istanbul with its religious visit and accommodation, its production and trade (ceramic, pottery, toy workshops) functions based on it. 17 And 18. unrest in Anatolia and Rumelia in the centuries and the beginning of land losses in Europe and Crimea in the same period increased migration to Istanbul and caused the concentration of residential areas.
The effect of the euphema on this phenomenon of migration is 18. It happened in the century. During this period, the first signs of shanty shanty formation began to appear in Job, Kasympasa and Skopje. During the period between 1718-1730, called the Tulip era, Eyup became famous for its tombs and coastal palaces. At that time, the Istanbulites had many characteristics of the Eyup Sultan who were considered famous: Eyup kebab, Eyup slip, Eyup toy, Eyup bird delight, Eyup pilgrimage delight, jam roses and life plums, summer shrine plums, etc, in the autumn there were Euphupian bostans, fulya fields, tulips and hyacinth gardens, and the mausoleum garden, where the ladies ate kebabs and crevices, and the tombstones, which contained the most intricate writings. However, the renewal movements that started in the 18th century and the effects of the West, which progressed in science and art and enriched with colonization and industrialization of the 1834 Ferman of Tanzimat, started to take place in the Ottoman country, which led to the change of living spaces in Istanbul, following the settlement of Bosphorus in the palace due to Besiktas, prestigious settlements began to develop in Beyoglu and Bosphorus shores.
After these developments, Eyup lost its former importance in the 19th century, Feshane, Yarnhouse, with the establishment of the first power plant, the Golden Horns opened to the industry, Eyupette is no longer a place of visit, sightseeing and promenade, but of the mills, it is an edge neighborhood of working-class housing, middle-class housing and cemeteries where industrial workers are settled. A considerable size bazaar has developed, which meets the daily needs of the residents who want to be buried in this sacred environment after they die, and the shopping demands of those who come to visit the Eyup Sultan Mosque, Tomb and its surroundings and tombs.Fishermen in the bazaar, the dairy market.Such as Eyupune for Istanbul, pointing to the direction of the food producer, sahaflar, tappers, printers, potters, toystores, animal market, Friday market…. like Eyuparaye, it is understood from the sources where the parts that point to the presence of intense visitors are located.
In short, we can say that; Eyup, which has the feature of the first Turkish-Muslim settlement of Istanbul, 15. After the first settlers brought from Bursa to the first neighborhood built around the shrine of Ebyub al-Ensari in the century and built together with the shrine of Ebyub al-Ensari, they lived their most prestigious days in the 16th-17th centuries and 18. Since the end of the century, Beyoglu and Bosphorus coasts have gradually started to turn out with the importance of the star, and in the 19th century it has become an edge neighborhood where the industrial workers and the coasts have become established. In the planning of the cities in the first period of the republic, Western experts from different countries developed plans and proposals for Istanbul, but all of them considered Halicari as an industrial area. Of these, the Prost Plan (1936) and the establishment of industrial zones in Topkapi in the Golden Horn and 1950’ years, in addition, with the placement of Balkan immigrants in the new settlement area formed by grilling system in Rami region in 1940’, Eyup settlement has entered into industry and has grown northwest along the Golden Horn.
Eyup, a waterfront settlement where religious identity came to the fore in 1950’ years, has entered a rapid transformation process after 1950’s.In 1957, Prime Minister Menderesin, as a result of his attempts to make way from the plans of Prostun, as a result of his attempts, Rami Barracks Street was connected to the Eyup Sultan Mosque with a boulevard called the New Road by making it a strong connection road. In 1936/1937 it was prepared by Henri Prost and approved by the Nafia proxy in 1942 1/As a result of the 2000 scale plan, the Golden Horns were opened to industry and the social life of Eyupayah suffered a very important blow in terms of coastal use. 20 In the Golden Horn. As the residues of these industrial activities concentrated in the century were abandoned directly to the waters of Halicine, the balance of Halicin was disturbed and intense pollution was experienced by the effects of other social conditions. Oysaki; It is known that various measures have been considered and some of them have been applied since long time to prevent the filling of the Golden Horn and therefore its deterioration.
The first and most important of these measures was taken by Fatih Sultan Mehmed. Fatih Sultan Mehmed, by law to prevent the flooding of the Golden Horn, had forbidden to cut trees, graze animals and make agriculture in the basins where the waters of Alibey and Kagithane creeks were collected. As a result of Halic Expropriation plans, which were made by Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and came into force in 1985, Halic shores were removed from the industry. However, during these studies, which are not sufficiently shown, many examples of old tissue were also destroyed. In terms of Eyup, one of the worst consequences of these demolitions was the end of one of the registered sections of the historic Basin, which was demolished, another is the destruction of the Bostan Pier, the place where sultans for centuries have set foot on the land when they came for the Eyup Sultana sword-wielding ceremony.The Golden Beach road, which is unplanned and still has no plan, is one of the greatest evils made in Eyupame.
In this regard, in his work called Eyup Sultan Mosque and Nearby Environment, Nezih Eldem expressed his views as follows: “When we examine the historical spatial fiction, even the current square created in front of the Eyup Mosque on the pretext of the removal of a building island and the destruction of an important fountain, has been, unfortunately, it is not easy to tell even many architects and designers today. However, how the roads that reach the mosque by sea end at these doors, and, as an open big space, I remember from my childhood how the main courtyard within the mosque was effective with its dimensions and trees, and I feel sorry for the semantic loss today. In Turkish architecture, no mosque is on a square. Mosques and ashtrays are symbols of geometric constructions and pyramidal ascents and of permanence with the stone and lead materials of cultural domination. They have been embraced by the community of houses with shaded fragments and fractures that emphasize fanaticism, impermanence, wood material and personality. By rising above them, they are perceived only in the distant silhouette. The distances you see all as you approach are never created.” Some of the damages that occurred during this period include.
To open the square around famous monument works, destruction caused by road construction and expansion practices Eyup Sultan Mosque at the place where the settlement of one of the building islands and urban tissue elements are added by the removal of the piers as they approach this important monument around the mosque reduced impact on the community of wooden structures and people with trees, and, the loss of the sense of surprise refreshment given by the mosque courtyard is the result of the application of opening wide arteries as characteristic of zoning movements of the 1950 ’ years, the construction of the boulevard stuck in the Eyup Mosque Square and the deletion of texture characteristics, the disappearance of the toy workers’ bazaar? The fact that Ya Vedut Mahallesi, which is located adjacent to the Surici due to the main arteries which are passed to the walls, represents the organic relationship between Istanbul and Ayvansaray, has almost disappeared? At the upper level on the banks of the Golden Horn, the breaking of the settlement-coast relationship with a continuous and wide coastal application, four tracks, the result of laying the concrete of the shore during the construction of this wide piled road with the refuges is that the old tissue remains low and the relationship with the water surface is visually prevented? along with the Bosphorus Bridge and the surrounding roads (the oldest Muslim cemetery where the first martyrs were buried in Istanbul during the construction of these roads, Tokmaktepe Cemetery was eliminated) defterdar Neighborhood, which is part of the site area during the construction of the connections, falls apart from the settlement whole, the ground quota of the structures is below the infrastructure, the location of the monument structures is changed or completely eliminated.
The 1954 Floor Property Act and the 1974 Istanbul Floor Regulations Arrangement have led to the operation of the demolition process and fragmentary approaches by the contractors. On the other hand, the increasing illegal construction with the concentration of industry has spread in empty spaces and enveloped the old tissue. All this has led to increased density, destruction of traditional tissue along with applications of expanding roads. At the end of this process, the flower growing areas in Eyupun, the vegetable gardens and pastures in Alibeykoyu have also disappeared. During the Ottoman Empire, Eyup was one of the four great femininity of Istanbul (Bilad-I Selase =Eyup, Galata, Uskudar, Istanbul). In the period of the Republic; it took its place in the administrative structuring as a branch office of Istanbul Municipality until 1984 when the local administrations were restructured. By the law numbered 1980, 3030, ’Buty concept was established, settlement centers, meanwhile, Eyup, has become the district of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality.
With the help of these laws, which increase the zoning powers of local governments, the Halicari, which was started with the ingenuity of the mayor of the period, has been removed to the production houses and slaughterhouses on the coast within the framework of the industrialization operation,by establishing new filling areas on the beach, a wide and piled coastal road designed according to fast vehicle transportation was organized.In 1984, within the framework of the law numbered 3030, it was organized, The settlement of Kemerburgaz and its rural area were connected to the Eyup Municipality and thus became the local administrative center of a very large area up to the Black Sea coast. As a result, today the axis of development of Eyup is a land city that has shifted from the shores of Golden Horn, even from the Asphalt of London, and has begun to experience the pressure of construction in the natural environment in the countryside; the estuary waterway, when it is so close to the water,it expects the evaluation of the resting area and the potential of the landscape to have a settlement order that is suitable for its historical and natural identity.As it is known, the values that should be protected are all carried under the ground, above the ground and under the water, which have been created by nature and/or man and which attract attention due to their archaeological, historical,esthetic or ethnological importance/immovable culture and nature assets.
When the subject is viewed in terms of the culture and natural assets contained in this definition, Eyup appears as a settlement of unique wealth,Eyup is a place that includes both monumental and civil architecture example structures and building groups as well as urban and historical site area. On the other hand, the hill which has made a name for itself as Pierre Loti Hill in the area of settlement and the hill where the Amcazade Foundation Landza and the Silversyu Idris Mansion Hill are located are the leading viewpoints where the old Istanbul can be watched. The natural riches of the rural area of the euphema are the basins and woodland areas defined by the Black Sea coasts and streams.Food supply (water regime), In addition to the facilities it offers as a resting area for health and Istanbulites, it has an important function in order to prevent erosion (Halicidine filling with alluvium).When this is added to the national defense strategy, part of Belgrade Forests have been declared ‘muhaza forest.
The woodland area houses historic water structures, also known as the Bentler. Waterways and arches made in the Roman period were improved by additions made during the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman Period to meet the water requirement of Istanbul, which developed in the 16th century.The Long Arch between Kemerburgaz and Gokturk Belde 711 m. With its length, Mimar Sinan is the largest water structure added to this community of structures with 33 large aqueducts. Some of the places of the past of the euphemism still remain in the field of struggle,part of it has become a resident area today.To provide the connection of lignite and natural coal quarries and quarries that are located within the borders of the land area and opened along the Black Sea coast and their connection with settlement the uses that disturb the ecological balance.The lignite coal obtained from here is of low quality and since there is a pollutant as fuel, production does not contain efficiency in this respect. In order for the Istanbul Metropoliten Area to gain the character of a sustainable living environment, the importance of preserving the natural features and values of the forest-avza-coastron belt, which is characterized as ‘North Band’, is clear.